The People's Justice Party (Keadilan) is a centrist political party in Malaysia formed in 2003. Keadilan promotes an agenda with a strong social justice and anti-corruption emphasis. The party advocates a policy that emphasises on a non-ethnic approach in poverty eradication and correcting economic imbalances.

The Islamic Party of Malaysia (PAS) is an Islamist political party which aims to establish Malaysia as a country to be ruled on the basis of Islamic legal theory and guarantees social justice for all Muslims and non-Muslims in Malaysia.

Democratic Action Party (DAP) is a secular, multi-racial, social democratic/democratic socialist Malaysian political party that has gained prominence for its advocacy of the "Malaysian Malaysia" concept.